What we actually do during the audit Seven phases, evidence-based, no assumptions
Our audit methodology is structured around the model mailbox providers themselves use to evaluate senders. We do not run a checklist of public DNS lookups and call it a day. That takes 15 minutes and tells you almost nothing useful. We work through your sending stack the way an SRE works through a production incident: hypothesis, evidence, root cause, prioritized fix. Below is the exact sequence, what we collect at each step, and what you receive in writing.
01
Sender inventory and access provisioning
We start with mapping what is actually sending mail on your behalf. Most organizations underestimate this list by 50% or more. We work with you to identify every platform that puts your domain in the From, Return-Path or DKIM signing position: marketing automation, transactional ESP, CRM email module, helpdesk autoresponders, calendar invites, billing systems, internal applications, monitoring tools, contractor tools that nobody documented. Each platform contributes a row to a sender inventory document with: vendor, business owner, technical owner, sending domain or subdomain, SPF inclusion, DKIM selector, authentication state, and last-verified date. This document alone is worth the audit fee for many clients. It is the missing artifact that explains why deliverability projects keep failing.
Deliverable
Sender inventory spreadsheet (CSV + PDF) with one row per sending source, signed off by your team.
02
DNS forensics and authentication record analysis
We pull the raw DNS records for every domain and subdomain in the sender inventory: SPF, DKIM (all known selectors), DMARC, MTA-STS, TLS-RPT, BIMI if applicable. We check syntax against current RFCs and current mailbox provider implementations (which sometimes diverge). We measure SPF DNS lookup count against the RFC 7208 limit of 10 (the number-one cause of silent SPF PermError failures we see) is exceeding this limit, which most senders do not realize until traffic starts disappearing. We verify DKIM key strength (1024-bit minimum, 2048-bit recommended) and selector rotation hygiene. We confirm DMARC alignment configuration (relaxed vs strict, both for SPF and DKIM, set independently via aspf and adkim tags). And we test whether the visible From domain actually aligns with at least one of SPF or DKIM under the conditions your senders are using, which is the only thing DMARC enforcement actually evaluates.
Deliverable
DNS audit report with severity-ranked issues, exact TXT record values, and recommended replacements ready to copy-paste into your DNS provider.
03
Reputation and engagement telemetry pull
We connect to your Google Postmaster Tools, Microsoft SNDS and Sender Score (where available) and pull 90 days of historical telemetry. We chart the curves of: domain reputation (High / Medium / Low / Bad on Google), IP reputation per sending IP, spam rate trajectory, DMARC compliance percentage, encryption rate, and feedback loop activity. We identify the inflection points (the days reputation changed direction) and correlate them against your business calendar: campaign sends, list imports, vendor changes, code deploys. This is where the actual story of your deliverability decline (or rise) becomes visible. We have seen reputation drops perfectly aligned with a Friday afternoon ESP migration, with a single recurring system email that was triggering complaint loops, with a CRM that started Bcc-ing entire deal records to support@, all sorts of patterns invisible without the data.
Deliverable
Reputation timeline (visual + written narrative) covering the last 90 days with annotated inflection points and likely causes.
04
Header forensics on real production messages
You send us 8 to 12 message samples representing your typical sending profile across providers (Gmail, Outlook 365, Yahoo, ProtonMail, regional providers), across send types (transactional, promotional, transactional-with-marketing-content, internal, automated), and ideally one or two that landed in spam. We extract the full SMTP headers from each (the long version, not the short summary most clients send us at first), and we walk the Received chain server by server. This is forensic work. We confirm: the actual SPF result the receiver computed and against which IP, the DKIM signature verification result and which selector, the DMARC alignment outcome and which mechanism passed, the receiver-side filter scores when available (X-Microsoft-Antispam, X-Spam-Status), the routing path and any unexpected hops or relays, the TLS state of each leg, and any mailbox-provider-specific clues like Gmail TID hashes or Microsoft IP reputation tokens. This phase routinely surfaces issues nobody had noticed: a forwarding rule breaking SPF, a third-party signature service stripping DKIM, an MTA-STS misconfiguration causing TLS downgrades.
Deliverable
Per-message header analysis with annotated screenshots, plus a synthesized findings document grouping recurring issues across the sample.
05
Infrastructure review of your MTA and routing
For clients running their own MTA or hybrid infrastructure, we conduct an operational review. This is the phase where being the operator and not just an external consultant pays off. We have run KumoMTA, PowerMTA and MailerQ in production at scale. We know what their queue behavior looks like under retry storms, what their reputation isolation features actually deliver, where the configuration footguns are. For your stack we review: queue policy and per-tenant isolation, retry strategy and backoff curves, throttling rules per receiver domain (Gmail accepts traffic patterns Yahoo does not, etc.), bounce and complaint handling chains, IP rotation strategy if any, and the integration between your MTA logs and any reputation monitoring you have. Where you use a hosted ESP, we audit the ESP configuration: dedicated vs shared IP allocation, sub-account isolation, suppression list health, and which of the ESP-side knobs you have actually turned on vs left at defaults.
Deliverable
MTA configuration review with prioritized changes (config diffs ready to apply, where applicable), plus a documented retry/throttling profile per major receiver.
06
List hygiene, content patterns and engagement analysis
We finish the technical side and look at the human side: who you send to, what you send, and how recipients respond. This is where most "audits" start, and this is why most audits fail. Without the technical baseline from phases 1–5, you cannot tell whether engagement issues are causing the technical signals or being caused by them. With the technical foundation established, we now examine: list source documentation (where each segment came from, consent type, age), bounce profile per segment and per provider, complaint rate per segment, engagement decay curves, suppression list completeness and accuracy, content-pattern signals (link-to-text ratio, image-to-text ratio, URL shorteners, redirect chains, blacklisted hosts in HTML), and unsubscribe mechanism health (one-click List-Unsubscribe-Post, URL-based fallback, processing latency).
Deliverable
List health scorecard per segment, content pattern findings, and a prioritized list-cleanup recommendation with expected reputation impact.
07
Findings synthesis and remediation roadmap
Everything from phases 1 through 6 gets synthesized into a single document: the audit report itself. The structure is the same every time: executive summary, severity-ranked findings, evidence appendix, remediation roadmap with effort estimates, and a 90-day monitoring plan to verify the fixes worked. We rank findings on two axes: severity (impact on deliverability if unfixed) and effort (how long the fix takes). The roadmap groups them into Quick Wins (under one day of work, immediate impact), Critical Fixes (under one week, meaningful impact), Strategic Changes (one to four weeks, major impact), and Watch List (monitor but do not fix yet). Every finding has explicit evidence in the appendix (header excerpts, DNS lookups, screenshots of telemetry, log lines). No assertions without proof. This is the document you give your CTO, your CMO, your DPO, your auditor.
Deliverable
Written audit report (PDF, 30 to 50 pages depending on tier), plus a separate one-page executive summary suitable for board distribution, plus a CSV of findings ready to import into your project tracker.